A commitment to breaking barriers for underrepresented students in science as well as her determination and intellectual passion were propelling forces in Ms Zama Xulu’s academic adventure.
Xulu graduated cum laude with a Master of Science in Applied Mathematics from UKZN.
Growing up in the rural area of Ward 24, Ndlangubo, outside Empangeni, she chose UKZN for her postgraduate studies because of the University’s strong reputation in applied mathematics and its emphasis on cutting-edge research. She was particularly drawn to its dynamic Mathematics faculty, renowned for work in both theoretical and applied mathematics. ‘UKZN’s collaborative research environment and focus on global and local challenges made it the perfect place to explore my interests in general relativity,’ she said.
Her MSc research focused on understanding the behaviour of space and time in symmetrical gravitational fields – such as those found around stars or planets – using Einstein’s field equations.
Supervised by Professor Sunil Maharaj and Dr Sifiso Ngubelanga, her study explored how pressure behaves in these symmetrical spacetimes and how changes in the way these systems are described mathematically can offer new insights.
Working with both Schwarzschild and isotropic co-ordinate systems, Xulu developed two novel methods for finding new solutions to the Einstein equations related to perfect fluids such as stars or gases. These solutions help scientists better understand celestial bodies and cosmic phenomena such as black holes within the framework of general relativity.
What initially inspired her to pursue this challenging field was a deep love for mathematics itself – its elegance, logic and the joy of solving difficult problems. ‘There’s an intellectual thrill in proving the unknown,’ she explained.
The academic environment also gave her the opportunity to teach and mentor, which she sees as vital, especially for inspiring other women and underrepresented students to pursue STEM careers. She sees academia not just as a career path but as a means of creating positive, lasting change.
Reflecting on the broader significance of her research, Xulu said it spoke directly to the importance of inclusivity and equity in academia. ‘By understanding what motivates people from disadvantaged backgrounds to pursue science, we can begin to dismantle the barriers that have long excluded them,’ she said.
Xulu said her own journey illustrated the need for strong support systems, mentorship and role models, particularly for students from rural or underserved areas. Through her work, she hopes to contribute to a more diverse and representative scientific community, where talent and passion – not privilege – are the deciding factors.
Looking to the future, Xulu has a clear vision: to return to her rural community and change the narrative around mathematics. ‘In our community, resources are scarce and there’s this belief that maths is impossible to pass. I want to change that,’ she said. She plans to create a supportive environment where learners can build confidence in mathematics and explore the many career opportunities it offers – a path she only discovered at university.
The foundation of Xulu’s strength lies in her family, particularly her grandmother and mother. Growing up in poverty, she was driven by a desire to transform her family’s circumstances: ‘Even when I was asleep, that dream kept me fighting,’ she said.
Outside of academics, Xulu enjoys singing, dancing and attending church as these activities bring her joy and balance.
Her message to learners from disadvantaged backgrounds is clear and heartfelt: ‘Your today does not determine your future. Don’t be afraid to take that first step – cross each bridge as it comes. Just take the step and fight until the last day.’
Words: Sally Frost
Photograph: Sethu Dlamini
